D2: Similarity of Goods or Services
2(d) Refusal Affirmed: Display Components Found Related to Cables
UPC // UPC
D4: Purchaser Sophistication
Decisions involving the fourth DuPont factor. This section highlights cases where the Board analyzed the degree of care exercised by consumers, often focusing on how expert buyers mitigate likelihood of confusion.
D1: Similarity of Marks
How a Unitary Mark and Elevated Consumer Care Reversed a 2(d) Refusal
LADY MOSS BOSS // LADYBOSS
D4: Purchaser Sophistication
Inherent Elevated Level of Care and Sound Difference Overcome 2(d) Refusal
GASPER ROOFING || JASPER CONTRACTORS
D6: Third-Party Uses
Crowded Field & Consumer Awareness Mitigate Likelihood of Confusion
MISTER JUNETEENTH || MISS JUNETEENTH
D2: Similarity of Goods or Services
Mind the Gap: When Identical Marks Fail to Bridge the Chasm of Unrelated Goods
SPINFLOW // SPINFLOW
D4: Purchaser Sophistication
How Consumer Sophistication and Niche IDs Can Overcome a 2(d) Refusal
MERMAID // MERMADE
D1: Similarity of Marks
Mark Dissimilarity & Purchaser Sophistication Outweigh Other Factors
SEVEN STARLING // STARLING PHYSICIANS